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This is a list of plants used by the indigenous people of North America. For plants used by the Zuni, see Zuni ethnobotany, and for plants used by the Navajo, see Navajo ethnobotany. ==A== *''Abies balsamea'' (balsam fir) used for a variety of medicinal purposes, as well as firewood and fiber.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=results of search )〕 *''Abronia fragrans'' (snowball-sand verbena) Used as both food and medicine. See article for complete list of uses. *''Acer glabrum'' var. ''douglasii'' (Douglas maple), used by Plateau tribes as a treatment for diarrhea. *''Acer glabrum'' var. ''glabrum'' The Blackfoot take an infusion of the bark in the morning as a cathartic.〔Hellson, John C. 1974 Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians. Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series (p. 65)〕 The Okanagan-Colville, when hunting, use a branch tied in a knot and placed over the bear's tracks while hunting to stop the wounded bear.〔Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy 1980 Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington. Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum (p. 59)〕 The Thompson people use a decoction of wood and bark taken for nausea caused by smelling a corpse.〔Steedman, E.V. 1928 The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia. SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522 (p. 475)〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=results of search )〕 *''Acer negundo'' (box elder), used as food, lumber, and medicine. Please see article for full information. *''Acer saccharinum'' (silver maple), An infusion of bark removed from the south side of the tree is used by the Mohegan for cough medicine.〔Tantaquidgeon, Gladys 1928 Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions. SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270 (p. 269)〕 It is also used by other tribes for various purposes.〔http://herb.umd.umich.edu/herb/search.pl?searchstring=Acer saccharinum〕 *''Acer saccharum'' (sugar maple), used by the Mohegan as a cough remedy, and the sap as a sweetening agent and to make maple syrup.〔Tantaquidgeon, Gladys 1972 Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians. Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3 (p. 69, 128)〕 It is also used by other tribes for various purposes.〔http://herb.umd.umich.edu/herb/search.pl?searchstring=Acer saccharum〕 *Actaea racemosa (black cohosh), Used to treat gynecological and other disorders, including sore throats, kidney problems, and depression. *Actaea rubra, (red baneberry), used by the Algonquin for stomach pains, in some seasons for males, other seasons for females.〔http://herb.umd.umich.edu/herb/search.pl?searchstring=Actaea rubra〕 *Agrimonia gryposepala, used by the Iroquois to treat diarrhea. Also used by the Cherokee to treat fever, by the Ojibwa for urinary problems,〔 and by the Meskwaki and Prairie Potawatomi used it as a styptic for nosebleeds.〔 *Alnus rhombifolia, used by some Plateau tribes for female health treatment. *Alnus rubra, used to treat poison oak, insect bites, and skin irritations. The Blackfoot Confederacy used an infusion made from the bark of red alder to treat lymphatic disorders and tuberculosis. Recent clinical studies have verified that red alder contains betulin and lupeol, compounds shown to be effective against a variety of tumors.〔Edible and Medicinal Plants of the West, Gregory L. Tilford, ISBN 0-87842-359-1〕 *Artemisia californica (California Sagebrush), used by the Cahuilla and Tongva to alleviate menstrual cramps and menopause by taking it as a decoction, and consuming it regularly before the menstruation period. They also used it as an aid for child labor since the plant stimulates the uterine mucosa, quickening the process.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fs.fed.us/global/iitf/pdf/shrubs/Artemisia%20californica.pdf )〕 The Cahuilla people chewed on the leaves, dried or fresh, to fight colds and coughs. The Ohlone used it to remove pain by applying it to wounds and teeth, to treat colds, coughs, and rheumatism by making it into a tea bath, and as a poultice for asthma.〔 *Artemisia douglasiana, used to treat colds, fevers, and headaches. *Artemisia ludoviciana, used by several tribes for a variety of medicinal purposes. *Arundinaria, used for medicinal as well as many other purposes. *Asarum canadense, used to treat a number of ailments including dysentery, digestive problems, swollen breasts, coughs and colds, typhus, scarlet fever, nerves, sore throats, cramps, heaves, earaches, headaches, convulsions, asthma, tuberculosis, urinary disorders and venereal disease. In addition, they also used it as a stimulant, an appetite enhancer and a charm. It was also used as an admixture to strengthen other herbal preparations. *Asclepias verticillata, used medicinally.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses - Whorled milkweed )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Native American ethnobotany」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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